extract

noun

1. Something that is extracted or drawn out.
2. A portion of a book, document, recording etc. incorporated distinctly in another work (for written or spoken words, synoymous to a citation; a quotation).

   “I used an extract of Hemingway's book to demonstrate culture shock.”

3. A decoction, solution, or infusion made by drawing out from any substance that which gives it its essential and characteristic virtue

   “vanilla extract”

   “extract of beef”

   “extract of dandelion”

4. Any substance extracted is such a way, and characteristic of that from which it is obtained

   “quinine is the most important extract of Peruvian bark.”

5. A solid preparation obtained by evaporating a solution of a drug, etc., or the fresh juice of a plant (distinguished from an abstract).
6. (obsolete)A peculiar principle (fundamental essence) once erroneously supposed to form the basis of all vegetable extracts.
7. Ancestry; descent.
8. A draft or copy of writing; a certified copy of the proceedings in an action and the judgment therein, with an order for execution.

verb

1. (transitive)To draw out; to pull out; to remove forcibly from a fixed position, as by traction or suction, etc.

   “to extract a tooth from its socket, a stump from the earth, or a splinter from the finger”

   “The bee / Sits on the bloom extracting liquid sweet.”

   “The dawn of the oil age was fairly recent. Although the stuff was used to waterproof boats in the Middle East 6,000 years ago, extracting it in earnest began only in 1859 after an oil strike in Pennsylvania. The first barrels of crude fetched $18 (around $450 at today’s prices).”

   “There is, in fact, growing recognition in the Department that giving free rein to the open access operators will extract revenue from Great British Railways.”

2. (transitive)To withdraw by squeezing, distillation, or other mechanical or chemical process. Compare abstract (transitive verb).

   “to extract an essential oil from a plant”

   “Mostly, the microbiome is beneficial. It helps with digestion and enables people to extract a lot more calories from their food than would otherwise be possible. Research over the past few years, however, has implicated it in diseases from atherosclerosis to asthma to autism.”

3. (transitive)To pick out; to cite or reproduce a snippet of

   “extract a passage from a text.”

   “extract a line from a song.”

   “extract a clip from a video”

   “extract the drum parts from an mp3.”

   “I have thought it proper to extract out of that pamphlet a few of those notorious falsehoods.”

4. (transitive)To select parts of a whole

   “We need to try to extract the positives from the defeat.”

5. (transitive)To determine (a root of a number).

   “Please extract the cube root of 27.”

   “[…] Mr. Nackybal was thoroughly examined, both in cubing and extracting, from the table that Louit had provided.”